Research on polyester microfiber dyeing process: selection and application of high temperature, high pressure and carrier dyeing methods

In the textile industry, Polyester Dyed Microfiber has received widespread attention for its unique properties. However, due to its special chemical structure and physical properties, the dyeing of polyester microfiber has always been a technical problem. This article will discuss the two main dyeing methods of polyester microfiber - high temperature and high pressure dyeing and carrier dyeing, and analyze their application characteristics and selection basis.

1. High temperature and high pressure dyeing method

High temperature and high pressure dyeing is a technology widely used in dyeing polyester microfibers. This method increases the dye solubility in the dye liquor and the dye saturation value of the fiber by increasing the temperature and pressure of the dye liquor, thereby improving the dye uptake rate and color fastness. Under high temperature and high pressure conditions, the molecular chain segments of polyester fibers move intensified, which is conducive to the penetration of dye molecules into the interior of the fiber and the formation of strong chemical bonds with the fiber.

The advantage of the high temperature and high pressure dyeing method is that it can achieve higher dyeing depth and brightness, and the color fastness is also better. However, this method has high requirements on equipment and operation, and requires strict control of temperature and pressure, otherwise it may cause fiber damage or uneven dyeing. In addition, high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing methods consume a lot of energy and put a certain amount of pressure on the environment.

2. Carrier staining method

Carrier dyeing is a low-temperature dyeing technology that reduces the force between fiber molecules by adding carrier molecules to the dye solution and promotes the diffusion of dye molecules into the fiber. This method can achieve dyeing at lower temperatures, has relatively low equipment and operation requirements, and consumes less energy.

The key to carrier staining is the selection of appropriate carrier molecules. The carrier molecules need to have good dispersion and stability, and can form stable complexes with dye molecules to promote the diffusion of dye molecules in the fiber. At the same time, the carrier molecules also need to have good compatibility with the fibers to avoid damage to the fibers.

The advantage of carrier dyeing is that it can be dyed at low temperatures and consumes less energy. However, this method is highly selective for dyes, and not all dyes are suitable for carrier dyeing. In addition, the selection and dosage of carrier molecules also have a great impact on the dyeing effect and need to be carefully controlled.

3. Selection and application of dyeing methods

When choosing a dyeing method for polyester microfiber, it needs to be determined based on the characteristics of the fiber, the performance of the dye and the dyeing requirements. For products that require high color fastness and vividness, high temperature and high pressure dyeing is a better choice. For fibers that are temperature-sensitive or products that require low-temperature dyeing, the carrier dyeing method is more suitable.

In practical applications, factors such as production costs and environmental protection requirements also need to be considered. Although the high-temperature and high-pressure dyeing method is more effective, it consumes more energy, requires higher equipment and operations, and has a relatively higher cost. The carrier dyeing method can achieve dyeing at a lower temperature, with lower energy consumption and relatively low cost. However, the selection and dosage of carrier molecules need to be carefully controlled to avoid damaging the fiber or affecting the dyeing effect.

The dyeing of polyester microfiber is a complex process that requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as fiber characteristics, dye performance, dyeing requirements, production costs, and environmental protection requirements. By rationally selecting dyeing methods and controlling process parameters, high-quality polyester microfiber dyed products can be achieved.